Organizational Communcation Unit 7 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Organizational Communcation Unit 7 - Essay Example The major advantages of team work are; the team members can learn from each other and also assist others in their mission; more flexibility in work; new ideas and suggestion can be implemented; communication and cooperation among the employees can be improved; Greater autonomy and more freedom in work which will improve the productivity of the employees etc. The major disadvantages are; all the members of the team may not be compatible with the team functions; only specific workers can be included in the team; some members may get less motivating jobs which can increase the conflicts within the team; team functioning may take longer time because of the lack of coordination at the initial stages; Rewards and punishment may be less effective; less flexibility in transferring the workers from one place/ division to another etc. (Medsker, G.J.,& Campion, M.A) Group think is the process of decision making inside a group or a team. It occurs only when the group was highly cohesive and functions in a healthy manner. Group think has certain negative impacts on the team performances since it will not spend much time for finding out the exact solutions of a problem. Because of the strong cohesion group members will not analyse the ideas of others in a critical manner which will prevent them from identifying the real, future consequences of the decision. Expert opinions will never sought by a team functioning under groupthink. (Allyn & Bacon) I believe in democratic style of leadership. Autocratic approaches will never bring the desired results when we compare the long term goals of an organization. Democratic approach always helps the employees to feel more closeness towards the organization. They will consider the problems and the achievements of the organization as their own if we implement a democratic approach in management. But at the same time we must

Marketing Research Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 5

Marketing Research - Essay Example Research studies can be of two types. They are usually the basic type of research and secondly the applied type of research. The type of research depends on the focus of the study. Research studies tend to be conducted for the expanding the level of knowledge horizon for the individuals or for gaining new information related to any aspect (Thornhill et al 2007). Also research is conducted at times to derive solutions for certain management or marketing related problems (Thornhill et al 2007). Research studies are an in-depth process of studying any aspect. Research writing tends to explore many new dimensions of any subject and with the help of research possible conclusions and recommendations are deduced by thorough analysis of the research study. The first and foremost part of commencing any research study is to develop a good research proposal (Lindfelt and TÃ ¶rnroos 2006). A research proposal gives a good idea about the study and helps towards highlighting the aspects that will be included in the research and also discusses the research path taken by the researcher. Therefore it is very important to follow all the components of a good research proposal so that the outcome of the research study can take place in a systematic manner (Hanson and Grimmer 2007). Introduction is important for any piece of writing and therefore one to two paragraphs of the subject of research need to be discussed here so that the reader gets the overview of the subject title that is going to be researched upon further (Thornhill et al 2007). The introductory paragraph opens the path of the study for the researcher. The underlying principles and the foundation of the subject title needs to be discussed here. The interest of the researcher on the topic should be discussed here. The reason needs to be discussed related to the subject title such as any problems related to the subject of research is motivating the researcher to carry out the study in this subject scope

Lengthy lag Essay Example for Free

Lengthy lag Essay From regular lag, another type of lag can developÐ ° delay that becomes too long for one of the speakers Lengthy lag occurs when Ð ° speaker perceives that the ensuing verbalizing or silence is taking too much time and reacts verbally or nonverbally. Typically this produces one of two results, the speaker who is uncomfortable begins to talk again, creating Ð ° pause, or exhibits some discomfort while waiting. In this example, which occurs moments after the meeting begins, the Professor explains that she scheduled Ð ° TV/VCR for next weeks class to show the Students ASL story. 4 After waiting one second, while the interpreting occurs, the Professor begins to speak again. The Professor speaks one utterance and pauses. Meanwhile, an interpretation into ASL is produced which lasts one line segment (Ð ° full second), and then the Professor speaks again. Later, in while viewing this portion on videotape, she indicated that she continued for Ð ° reason: І am waiting for Ð ° response, and it doesnt seem to come, so І say something. The lag becomes lengthy, not because of Ð ° time count, but because of the Professors perception that the ensuing silence lasts too long. One of the factors that may have prompted the Professor to continue talking is that, after the interpretation, the Student begins to respond by nodding his head. As the Professor finishes in line 65, she hears nothing for Ð ° full second, although it is possible that she sees the interpreter signing. This lack of any speaking may have increased the perception of silence (or that there might not be Ð ° response) by the Professor. The Professors wait for Ð ° response in this example becomes important in the light of future silences. The next example of Ð ° lengthy lag, Ð ° segment that occurs near the end of the meeting, is when the Professor waits but signals her discomfort nonverbally. Interestingly, however, she continues to wait without adding more talk. The Student wants to hand his paper in at Ð ° later date. The Professor wants to see if other students in the class are finished with their transcripts the following week rather than today. After two line segments, the Professor is finished. The Interpreter is interpreting from what was said before and continues interpreting for the Professor. The Interpreter actually starts interpreting this segment on line 187 and continues for six lines. The interpretation continues on and on while the Student says nothing and the Professor says nothing. At line 192, after waiting for three and Ð ° half lines or transcript or more than three seconds, the Professor turns, looks at the Interpreter, and then looks back to the Student. Her movement and her facial expression seem indicative of Ð ° sense of puzzlement, but she does not initiate any talk and continues to wait for Ð ° response. І consider this another example of lengthy lag because of the discourse time that elapses and also because of the discomfort displayed by the Professor. It is not hard to note examples of lengthy silences during which primary participants display uneasiness. In her interview, the Professor commented several times that because she heard no response in what seemed to her Ð ° reasonable delay, she continued talking. This can be attributed to her own conversational style of faster pacing and pausing discussed in her book Conversational Style: Analyzing Talk among Friends (Tannen 1984). More interesting, however, is that her tolerance for Ð ° reasonable delay grew from Ð ° length of two clauses to five clauses or from one second to slightly more than five seconds. Learning about Lag From studies of ordinary discourse we know that although participants begin to talk in Ð ° context, they continue to contribute to contextual features, changing the context as the interaction proceeds (Goffman 1981; Gumperz 1982, Schiffrin 1994). In so doing, they learn how to interact with their conversational partners. Thus, it is not unique to learn that primary speakers who lack experience with interpreters seem to learn about interpreted interaction as they progress through Ð ° meeting. However, it is unique in the sense that this learning, for the most part, remains un-described and unaccounted for. In this meeting, the Professor learns how interpreted conversations proceed so that her tolerance for lag and her wait for Ð ° response grow, gradually increasing in length. At the beginning of the meeting, she turns several instances of lag into pauses by speaking again. As the meeting continues, she tolerates longer periods of silence but still turns these delays into pauses. Later, she accepts another long silence which the Student changes into Ð ° pause to shift to Ð ° new subtopic. Toward the end of the event, she waits for Ð ° response even when it becomes longer than she normally tolerates. Here are segments of talk demonstrating that the Professor is learning about lag through the course of the event. The first example has already been presented as turning lag into Ð ° pause by adding more talk.

Consumer behaviour in Brazil

Consumer behaviour in Brazil Brazil is the largest country in Latin America. The total population of Brazil is 170 million. The south east part of Brazil has the highest population and then comes the north east region. The GDP and per capita of the south east is more than that of the north east of Brazil. CONSUMER BEHAVIOUR The consumer behaviour in brazil to the detergent market is different in the north east and the south east of Brazil and is depended on many influences. One of the influence is the social influence. Social Influences North East Brazil South East Brazil Culture and sub culture 65% of the population are a mix of African and European origins and their lifestyles, rituals and values share an African influence. Music and humour are the key elements of their culture. Only 35% of the population share an African influence whereas the rest are the migrants from Europe. This part is the financial and the political hub of Brazil. Social class More than half of the population fall in the low income category .The economy is heavily dependent on agriculture. It is more labour intrinsic type of job. Most of the women in the family are housewives. Only 21% of the entire population fall in the low income category and most of the women are from the working class. Group Membership Most of the women meet and wash their clothes in public laundry or pond in a group. Cleanliness being an issue of gossip, every woman tend to keep their family clean to please the group. Most women own a washing machine so self esteem and social status is given less importance. The purchase behaviour of a customer depends on various factors as shown in the diagram below. The social influences are the subjective norms. Apart from price of the detergent, the important attributes for the north east customers as per the rankings are Power of detergent Its fragrance The ability to remove stains without the need of soap and bleach The dissolving power with the water Packaging Impact on colours Whereas the south eastern customers are habitual decision makers. They would prefer to use the same detergents that they are using unless they dont get any flaws. BRAND PLAYERS AND THEIR STRATEGIES UNILEVER: TOP BRANDS: Omo is the top brand of the portfolio and is considered as a high quality at a premium position which is for the high end market. Omo has more than half percentage of the total market share in Brazil .Minerva is a medium quality product with low brand awareness and second in market share. Campeiro is a well-known cheapest product but with a low top of the mind penetration. The target customers of Unilever were the high income segment. The highest profit margin that Unilever generates is from the sales of Omo. STRATEGY USED: With the help of brands like Omo Unilever was the market pioneer in Brazil and hence got the first mover advantage in the detergent sector. Unilever is the LEADER in the market. It followed the strategy whereby it created the most desirable market space in the minds of the consumers as seen by the Top-of-Mind-Awareness results. (Exhibit 8) Their main strategy is to advertise and increase the sales especially of Omo as the profits generated from their detergents proves a backbone for their expansion in food and personal care categories. Unilevers main line of promotion was through the media advertising. This is cost effective and irrespective of the income, Brazilians are avid television watchers. POSITIONING: The various products of Unilever are positioned as per the product and its appeal. Its positioning ranges from removal of stain by eliminating the need of bleach (Omo) to delivering pleasant smell and softness (Minerva) to cost reduction (Campeiro) DISTRIBUTION: Unilever had the daunting task of distributing to 75,000 small outlets in the Northeast. For this it relied on its existing network of generalist wholesalers and sometimes also on secondary, smaller local wholesalers. This however increased their cost. It also had the option of contracting with the specialized distributors. PROCTER GAMBLE: TOP BRANDS: Ace is of the superior quality and is still sold at a lower price than its second brand. Through research and development, their strategy would be to improve the price and the perceived quality of Bold and Ace which is in competition with Minerva and Omo respectively. STRATEGY USED: PG is a MARKET CHALLENGER which is aggressively trying to extend its market share. It has specific challenger strategies like VALUE PRICE GOODS AND SERVICES and IMPROVED SERVICES. The advertising is not very effective as the consumers dont have much knowledge or a top of the brand awareness as compared to the other brands in the market. POSITIONING: Like most of the products of Unilever their products are also positioned depending on the target customers. Two of their main products are positioned similar to Unilevers products e.g. Bold and Pop whereas Ace is positioned as a superior whiteness source. ASA ASA is a local Brazilian brand and is only popular in Northeast TOP BRANDS: Invicto which is an entry level detergent as it is a low cost detergent and valued by its customers. It is a key competitor of Campeiro and focuses on cost reduction across all dimensions. STRATEGY USED: They are the MARKET NICHERS and have been serving a special segment of the market as a whole. POSITIONING: Positioned like Campeiro i.e. as a low priced product SWOT OF UNILEVER IN BRAZIL (AS PER CASE) PRESENT SITUATION: Unilever is the pioneer of consumer goods industry in Brazil and a clear leader in the detergent powder category with an 81% market share achieved by brands like Omo, Minerva and Campeiro. The Brazilian fabric wash market consists of two categories: detergent powder and laundry soap. It faces a huge threat from PG and hence Unilever should look into tapping the niche markets before its competitors entry into them STRENGTHS: Detergent market pioneer in Brazil. Hence gained the first mover advantage which proved very favourable for its success Unilever is a strong brand in itself and has wide acceptance for its products all over the world Have a wide range of brands i.e. have a strong brand portfolio which caters to different market segments. For e.g. Omo is more technology oriented, Minerva clings to its emotional appeal and is a traditional brand, Campeiro focuses more on cost reduction They are innovative and customer centric in their approach. E.g. introduction of 4 new variants of Omo. Each of them have different properties targeted at specific needs of customers Detergents will always remain the cash cows for Unilever WEAKNESS: Difficult to make a selection with respect to cost effectiveness between the Generalist Wholesaler and Specialist Distributor since both could prove to be equally useful in its own way and once selected very hard to reverse Vast difference in distribution of social classes in the Southeast and Northeast. So similar strategies and products will not have the same result and might also vary vastly from the expected result especially in the Northeast Its brand Campeiro is perceived to be low on quality since it is also low priced High availability of substitute products OPPORTUNITY: Tap the niche market i.e. the untouched low income sector before the competitors penetrate there Change the positioning of detergents in the minds of the Northeasterners so as to increase the use quantitatively Make use of the high frequency of washing tendency in the Northeasterners which would improve product sales in this area Omo has the highest Top-of-Mind-Awareness amongst the Northeasterners (approximately 70%). This can be used as a way to generate awareness about Unilevers other brands and also for the product which needs to be directed to the lower income consumer segment (exhibit 8) Improvement in Brazils overall economic performance thereby improving the purchasing power of the natives and especially the lower income consumers Adopt appropriate strategy targeted at the lower income group so that Unilever successfully manages to tap all the classes of people Introduction of more technology based and innovative products like Omo THREATS: Rapid growth and improvement of PGs RD and marketing expertise Northeasterners manner of using detergents is different from the Southeasterners. As per this logic the use of detergents is less with the Northeasterners Preference of laundry soap over detergent powder in the Northeast. This would pose a challenge to the lower income consumer segment product which the company wishes to market Competitor brands like Bold, Pop and Invicto are direct competition to Minerva and Campeiro with regards to quality and price There is almost equal market penetration of the competitors brands with Unilevers brands. For e.g. Invicto, Ace, Campeiro (penetration in the range of 60-80%) Introduction of local products by smaller companies with better distribution Price war with other giants like PG UNILEVER IN BRAZIL As given in the case study, Unilever in Brazil has a strong 81% market share by means of its three brands: Omo, Minerva and Campeiro. Question at hand is Whether or not to market detergents to lower income consumers in Northeastern Brazil and How to go about it The lower income segment isnt tapped by any of the giants of the detergent industry hence it provides opportunity to the company for growth in this segment. Also there is a need for good products matching the flagship brand Omo combined with affordability as clearly seen by the example stated about Maria ConceiÇà £o. TREND IN BRAZIL: As per case study it is known that Northeasterners believe bleach is a must for removal of stains; detergent powder is used only to make the clothes smell good. For the Northeasterners cleanliness is perceived as important despite of their low income survival. Cleaning of clothes for them is also seen as a measure of dedication of the woman of the family. Hence the challenge is to change few age old perceptions and yet successfully make a mark in the lower income segment. For this Unilever will have to convert the laundry soap users into an Omo class user. This is a long term strategy but yet a feasible one. WHY CHOOSE LOWER INCOME GROUP: Enter lower income group segment before PG penetrates there Detergent market in this segment will always be a cash cow Need gap analysis shows that there is an existing need for good detergents in this market IMPLICATIONS OF MOVE: SHORT TERM IMPLICATIONS: First mover advantage, shift of investment of money in low price brand from premium brands LONG TERM IMPLICATIONS: Market leader in low income detergent market, without a shift in Omo customers the new brand will be able to attract lower income customers WHAT SHOULD BE DONE? There are various options with Unilever. Namely, Launch a new product in the market targeting the lower income consumer without cannibalizing its own premium brands extensively Reposition one of its existing brands Have a cheaper version of Omo/Minerva Carry out an extension of one of the existing brands I believe that Unilever in Brazil should carry out PRODUCT LINE EXTENSION. Hereby they should introduce an additional item in the same product category. Unilever should have an extension of its brand Minerva named Minerva Progress (similar to Omo Progress which removes difficult stains without bleach and laundry soap). Minerva Progress should be positioned between Omo and Minerva PROS: The positioning of product between Omo and Minerva will help gain visibility Can promote positively using Unilevers brand name Good market penetration of Minerva as a brand  [1]   CONS: Minerva as a brand is perceived to be a medium quality brand with less Top-of-Mind-Awareness  [2]   Fierce competition with PG brands like Bold and Ace WHY EXTENSION OF MINERVA: Not possible to have a low cost product under the Omo brand since this would confuse the consumers about the original Omos credibility Launch of a new product will not be cost effective Having an extension of Campeiro might not be successful due to the original image of the brand as a cheap quality brand Repositioning of any of the top brands might confuse the consumers and Unilever might lose its loyal customers Minerva having a good market penetration can perform well if the positioning for the extended product is done appropriately. Also as per Exhibit 8 the consumers in the Northeast have good knowledge about the Minerva brand (rated second after Omo). Hence the company should capitalize on this fact and thereby build a route to tap its lower income segment by using the brand name. A MARKET RESEARCH SHOULD BE CARRIED OUT TO UNDERSTAND THE RANGE IN WHICH THE CUSTOMERS WOULD BE WILLING TO SPEND MARKETING MIX OF MINERVA PROGRESS: PRODUCT: A new formula should be produced to match the requirements of the customers and at the same time not increasing the cost Product should have attributes as per requirement of the lower income segment especially cleanliness, whitening and productivity  [3]   Along with price the product should match the six key attributes important to this segment. Formulation should have more emphasis on stain removing capability while keeping Minervas original features intact like perfume and softness The product should be made available in various sizes and types. This would be apt for customers who do not use a large quantity of product per month. This would also give a notional feeling to the customer of having spent less Use of packaging other than cardboard boxes e.g. plastic sachet PRICE: The price of the product should be affordable for the lower income consumers The company is increasing the cost on formulation and nullifying it by cutting down on packaging charges The product should be such that it is priced less than Omo and Minerva itself but a little more than Campeiro Unilever should adopt PENETRATION PRICINGfor its product whereby the profit margin for Unilever would be less but it would maximize unit sales and increase market share in this segment Adoption of penetration pricing would also discourage the competitors entry Also initially Unilever can have an INTRODUCTORY PRICE for the product which would encourage people to purchase the product SUGGESTION: Unilever can also get into backward integration to reduce its cost thereby managing to produce low priced products PLACE Unilever should sell its products at all places in the Northeast Since the big shopping malls are perceived to be expensive it should display its products at local stores Unilever should display Minerva Progress along with Omo. This is because Omo itself has a good image that even this product will be highlighted to all the customers PROMOTION Product should not be advertised as a product meant only for the low income group since this might create a negative impression about the company Medium like hoardings, radio, television should be used Above the line promotion should be emphasized on more than below the line advertising Sales promotion activities should also be carried out heavily which are directed at the customers DISTRIBUTION: Intensive distribution should be used to make the product available extensively in all the retail outlets To target the lower income segment Unilever should adopt the Specialized Distribution method as given in Exhibit 13 PUSH STRATEGY: Initially a push strategy should be used wherein the product is pushed at the customers and made widely available to them. Then depending on the demand forecasts a push-pull strategy should be used. POSITIONING: FRAME OF REFERENCE: Detergents POINT OF DIFFERENCE: Quality with affordability POSITIONING: Attribute and benefit positioning STATEMENT: THE MORE THE BETTER OR THE LESSER THE BETTER.WE GIVE YOU BOTH; MORE QUALITIES FOR LESSER PRICE! PERCEPTUAL MAP: 200 MINERVA PROGRESS OMO 200 0 100 ACE BOLD PERCEIVED QUALITY PRICE INDEX 100 CAMPEIRO POP INVICTO MINERVA = UNILEVER = PG = ASA

Comparing Digging and Follower by Seamus Heaney Essay -- Seamus Heaney

Examine two poems, Digging and Follower by Seamus Heaney and then compare the poems, explaining both their differences and similarities. The first poem I am going to examine is "digging" by Seamus Heaney. I will first comment on the title of the poem. "Digging" has both a metaphorical and literal meaning to it. The literal meaning is that his father and his grandfather are farmers. The poem talks about the men "Digging" and working, so this explains the literal meaning of the poem. The metaphorical meaning is that Seamus Heaney is "Digging" into his past and back round, which is farming. So, the title is rather effective. Now I will examine the rest of the poem. Firstly, I will look at, and comment on, the first stanza. In this verse, Seamus Heaney is not doing anything. It seems as if he is waiting for inspiration. In the second line, there is a strange simile; "The squat pen rests; snug as a gun". This is strange because "snug" is a comfortable word which suggests he is comfortable with his writing, but gun is a powerful and dangerous word. This could mean that his pen could be powerful (and it is; it ends up being his career). The word "squat" makes it seem as if he is eager to write and as if the pen is poised; ready to spring. The word "rests" then reinforces the belief that he is comfortable with his writing. Secondly, I will study the second stanza. Onomatopoeia is used at the end of the first line. "A clean rasping sound" is said. This is also aural imagery. The word "digging" is repeated at the end of this stanza with the literal meaning. I will now look at the third stanza. Seamus Heaney is now thinking back 20 years. I can tell this as it says "comes up twenty years away". He is thinki... ...he poem. The poem is about how great his father is, and then ends bluntly; by saying Heaney is a nuisance. I found it unexpected. I think that it may mean that his back round wont go away and he feeds his writing by his past. It could also mean that his father is now old and feeble. Whichever this may be, it is a very ironic ending. The pessimistic ending is much unlike that of "Digging", which ended optimistically. I found this poem hard to understand at first, but then I looked between the lines, and, like "Digging", I found it really interesting and deep/meaningful. I rather digging though, I found it a more interesting and optimistic poem. Though, I did really like the last stanza of "Follower"; I found it very effective. But I also did with "Digging". Overall, I enjoyed both poems thoroughly and would like to look at more of Seamus Heaney's work.

Nathaniel Mackeys Bedouin Hornbook Essay -- Nathaniel Mackey Bedouin

Nathaniel Mackey's Bedouin Hornbook A Bedouin is a nomad and a nomad a wanderer. Nathaniel Mackey seems to wander far and away in his Bedouin Hornbook, a series of fictional letters addressed to an â€Å"Angel of Dust† and signed by the ambiguous â€Å"N.† N. interprets passages of improvisation, analyzing others’ musical expression in surprising detail to the point that his unquestioning sincerity and self-assurance are almost laughable. That N. can glean meaning from music in such a direct and certain manner is problematic because his tone implies that there is only one correct interpretation of music. In addressing the issue of how music conveys meaning, Mackey seems to wander in two disparate directions. After asserting each seemingly contradictory view, first that music and speech are simply ends in themselves and second that they are means to a separate end, Mackey reconciles the question through his motivic discussion of absence and essence. In the first passage, Mackey draws out the nuances of this problem by directing two characters to argue over the meaning of a particular musical piece. He focuses on the style rather than the content of the dispute, suggesting that its value lies in the graceful unfolding of the argument itself. In the subsequent passage, N.’s lecture on â€Å"The Creaking of the Word† uses metaphor in such a way as to highlight the explosive possibility of words and music to transmit meaning. During the first episode, Mackey uses the same style of writing when N. repeats another character’s speech as when he reiterates another’s musical ideas, which confuses the boundary between music and speech. N. uses the same tone when retelling the verbal dispute between Lambert and Aunt Nancy as when interpreting La... ... Bottle’s] lecture/demonstration, as far as Djamilaa was concerned, would take the form of a serenade† (206). Here the forms of music and speech converge as one, signaling a convergence of their parallel roles throughout the novel. That the speech is an â€Å"after-the-fact† version, or a re-interpretation, is evidence of Mackey’s commitment to artistic evolution. The book ends in relative confusion: a phone rings repeatedly with no answer and Djamilaa wistfully dreams of a potentially shared blocked opera (208). Despite lacking a concrete conclusion, by raising and resolving numerous contradictions, the novel offers a complex and layered understanding of how meaning is conveyed through and in art. Mackey shows through words that music may be both a means and an end. Ultimately, Bedouin Hornbook pays homage to the wandering man and his wandering sport, improvisation.

Compare and Contrast “The Necklace” and “Ambush”

In the analyses of comparing and contrasting â€Å"The Necklace† and â€Å"Ambush,† they are very different, but also similar. The setting in each story could not be any more polar than they already are. The similarity of the two stories is that the plots both contain lies. In â€Å"The Necklace,† a female character, Mathilde, is living in Paris during the 19th century. She is poor, yet undyingly wishes she was wealthy. One day the woman is invited to a prestigious ball within her city.She immediately she contacts a rich friend and borrows a fabulous necklace. Once the night is all said and done and she returns from the ball, she realizes that the borrowed necklace is lost. She reacts by lying about the necklace and buying her friend a new one. With her financial situation the way it is she goes spiraling into debt and never recovers. Later, once Mathilde admits to her friend that she lost and replaced the necklace, it is revealed that the borrowed necklace was a fake worth very little.In â€Å"Ambush,† a male character O’Brien, is asked many times by his daughter about his war stories and if he had killed anyone. He naturally fears a negative reaction from her and prevents this by lying. Once he lies, he contemplates telling his daughter the truth; pretends his daughter is an adult and imagines telling her the truth of the time he shot an enemy coming through thick mist. This story takes place in an unknown place and is told throughout the childhood of his daughter.In conclusion, in the analyses of â€Å"The Necklace† and â€Å"Ambush† the plots both contain a lie, which makes them similar, however, the characters used as well as the setting of each are completely different and unrelated. These stories have similar plot aspect, because each plot contains a lie that is told. They are also differing in other ways, including, the setting. In â€Å"The Necklace,† the setting is Paris during the 19th century; the other is unknown and unimportant to the story.